Oncology
Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with cancer treatment. It involves not just the treatment of cancer, but its diagnosis and prevention as well. This branch of medical sciences is looked after by a special doctor called an oncologist.
The best oncologists are responsible for total care and rehabilitation of the patient from the day of their diagnosis until final recovery after cancer treatment. There are different oncologists, depending on the area of cancer treatment that they handle. All oncologists are trained in their respective fields and have extensive experience in handling all kinds of medical cases.
Medical oncologists treat the patients with the help of drugs through targeted drug therapy and chemotherapy. Radiation oncologists treat cancer with the help of radiation therapy and surgical oncologists specialize in dealing with the tumor and cancerous growth with the help of surgeries. They also have an expertise in conducting biopsies.
Oncologists are also categorized according to the medical specialities. For example, there are pediatric oncologists who treat children suffering from cancer and gynaecologic oncologist who treat cancer related to the reproductive system of women, such as cervical cancer and uterine cancer.
A gynaecology oncologist is often equipped with the knowledge to conduct breast cancer surgery as well. The make use of their knowledge of medical oncology and radiation therapy to treat the breast cancer patients. Radiation therapy is also known as radiotherapy.
Surgical oncology is an important sub-branch of oncology that plays an important role in the treatment of cancer patients. This is because most of the cancer cases are treated by surgically removing the tissues where cancer has spread.
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Procedures of Oncology
Allogenic Acute Leukemia
Allogenic stem cell transplant treatment for acute anemia involves the transplant of stem cells from a healthy donor to a recipient. It is usually conducted after chemotherapyor radiation therapy and is mostly conducted in leukemia patients who are at an increased risk of relapse or do not respond to other treatments.
Abdominoperineal Resection
This surgical procedure is commonly performed in case of patients who suffer from the cancer of the lowermost part of the rectum or anus. As a part of abdominoperineal resection procedure, the sigmoid colon, anus and rectum are completely removed from the body of the patient.
Autologous Bone Marrow Therapy Lymphoma
Bone marrow therapy for lymphoma treatment is a sensitive and high-risk procedure. The autologous bone marrow transplant involves the transplantation of the bone marrow cells derived from the body of the patient before he or she undergoes chemotherapy.
Autologous Bone Marrow Therapy Multiple Myeloma
Autologous bone marrow transplant procedure is also used for the treatment of multiple myeloma. In this treatment, the healthy bone marrow cells are removed from the body of the patient and later injected back again after high dose chemotherapy session, which kills off a majority of healthy blood forming cells.
Chemotherapy
It is a common and one of the most effective forms of cancer treatment. The chemotherapy treatment involves the use of specific drugs that selectively kill the target cells by identifying key sites on the body of the cancer cells. There are different types of chemotherapy drugs, which differ according to the type of cancer that they target.
Hemicolectomy
Hemicolectomy procedure involves the removal of different parts of the colon and the nearby parts and organs. This procedure is of two types – hemicolectomy (right) and hemicolectomy (left). In the first procedure, the ascending colon is removed along with terminal ileum, cecum, hepatic flexure and a part of transverse colon. In the latter, the descending colon is removed in addition to other parts.
Mastectomy
It is a form of surgical breast cancer treatment during which a part of or complete breast is removed from the breast cancer patient. There are different types of mastectomy, and each type has its own benefits and side effects. Total mastectomy refers to complete removal of the affected breast from the body of the patient.
Cervical Cancer
It is the cancer of the cervix, which is the lowermost part of the uterus. Cervical cancer treatment often involves the use of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In some cases, a surgery is conducted to remove the cervix along with the uterus, ovaries and the Fallopian tubes.
Ovarian Cancer
It is the cancer of the ovaries, the important part of the female reproductive system that produces eggs. There are no specific ovarian cancer symptoms, and this is the reason why the cancer foes unnoticed or undiagnosed until it spreads to other nearby regions. It is treated with the help of chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery.
Stomach Cancer
Also known as gastric cancer, stomach cancer initiates in the inner lining of the stomach. It is more common in people who eat processed food rich in high salt content and regular smokers. Patient may experience no symptoms at all in early stage gastric cancer. Stomach cancer is treated with the help of medications, radiation, chemotherapy and surgery.
Oral Cancer Treatment
Also known as mouth cancer, oral cancer initiates in any part of the mouth, be it the gums, inner cheeks, tongue, soft palate or hard palate. It is also known as oropharyngeal cancer. Oral cancer treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery.
Brachytherapy
It is a type of radiation treatment that is provided internally. Brachytherapy treatment is used to destroy the tumor cells from the inside. This treatment is administered in the form of radioactive pills or an implant that slowly releases high dose radiation.
Breast Cancer Treatment
It is one of the most common form of cancer that exists among women. Breast cancer treatment involves a combination of medications, chemotherapy, high dose radiation and surgery. During breast cancer surgery either one or both the breasts are removed surgically along with the nearby lymph nodes.
Lung Cancer Treatment
Lung cancer is the most common form of cancer that affects millions of people around the work each year. Lung cancer treatment options and many and a doctor is the best person to decide which treatment path to follow. Targeted drug therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery are some of the common types of lung cancer treatment options.
Skin Cancer Treatment
There are different types of skin cancer, including melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Treatment for skin cancer, thus, depends on the type of skin cancer that the patient is suffering from. Surgery, freezing, scraping, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are some of the skin cancer treatment options.
Prostate Cancer Treatment
Prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer among males. It is primarily treated with the help of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, In some cases, protatectomy or surgical removal of the prostate is conducted to relieve the patients of the prostate cancer symptoms.
Brain Cancer Treatment
The treatment of brain cancer varies greatly from one patient to another. This is because how a doctor approached to treat brain cancer depends on the exact size of the tumor in the brain, its location, size and several other parameters. Most of the brain cancer cases are treated with the help of a brain cancer surgery.
Colorectal Cancer Treatment
Colorectal cancer is the cancer of the colon. This cancer is highly treatable, but can prove fatal if it is not treated on time. Common surgical options for colorectal cancer include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Most often, a surgery is conducted to treat the patients.
Stereotactic Radio Therapy (SRT)
SRT, also known as stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), is a non-surgical radiation treatment used to treat small tumors in the brain. SRS is more effective than other types of radiation therapy, since it can deliver high dose radiation in the most precise manner.